Irrigation Schedules for the Coachella Valley
To help you manage your water use at home, we’ve created a unique irrigation schedule for each Evapotranspiration (ET) zone in Coachella Valley. Please note: The downloadable schedules are only available to paid Society members.
Why does ET matter?
Lets take a closer look at Evapotranspiration and how it impacts your watering schedule.
ET is the combination water loss in plants from evaporation (from climate conditions) and transpiration (what the plants use and give up). It is measured in inches. It takes into account temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, and additional data points. It is measured using a reference crop, often alfalfa, but in California we use pasture grass in the Central Valley as our reference crop.
ET is typically measured for geographical regions of varying size. California has 18 official ET Zones (see the full-size map here). Each location has a reference evapotranspiration rate (ETo) which is typically a 10-year average of measured evapotranspiration.
You’ll see that Coachella Valley is mostly in ET Zone 18, which includes most of the Salton Sea Watershed and Imperial County. Our Historical Evapotranspiration (ETo) rate is 71.6 inches per year.
This ETo data makes up a significant portion of how we determine our irrigation schedules. The amount of water you need to apply is determined by a combination of ET and plant factor. Plant factor is a percentage of the water needs of the reference crop (pasture grass). For the purposes of our irrigation needs, pasture grass has a plant factor of 1.0. Bermuda grass has a plant factor of 0.6. Cactus has a plant factor of 0.1.
A plant’s individual water needs are consistent regardless of location, but when evaluating supplemental water (your irrigation system), the plant factor percentage is multiplied by local ET data. Given the dependence of supplemental water on local climate conditions, you can see how ET might have a big impact on how much water you need to apply.
Supplemental Water Needed = Plant Factor X ET (or ETo)
If you live in Coachella Valley, you may not realize there are five very different ET zones that make up our overall ET profile. The Coachella Valley Water District has published an ETo Map for Coachella Valley</a.
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Note how significant the ET differences are between regions!
Region 1 – Annual water consumption (ETo) = 57.01 in.
North-facing cove areas: Mountain shaded, sheltered from prevailing winds and higher elevations means lowest water consumption.
Download [download id=”1556″]
Region 2 – Annual water consumption(ETo) = 66.82 in.
Transition zone area between the north-facing coves and the open desert or the south-facing cove areas of the north valley: The transition zones are somewhat sheltered from prevailing winds and with exposure to higher local humidity from irrigated landscapes means low water consumption. North valley coves are mountain shaded, sheltered from prevailing winds and higher elevations, but are south-facing and heat absorbing.
Download [download id=”1564″]
Region 3 – Annual water consumption(ETo) = 75.00 in.
Upper valley open desert border zone, lower valley upper elevation zone or lower valley afternoon mountain shade zones with moderate prevailing winds and blowing sand.
Download [download id=”1566″]
Region 4 – Annual water consumption (ETo) = 88.00 in.
Lower valley open desert agricultural zone with moderate prevailing winds and below sea level elevations.
Download [download id=”1568″]
Region 5 – Annual water consumption = 93.90 in.
Upper valley high wind and blowing sand zone.
Download [download id=”1570″]
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